Journal of English Literature and Cultural Studies

Journal of English Literature and Cultural Studies

English and Persian Audio Description of the Movie ‘The Lion King’: A Comparative Study of Adherence to ADC and ADLAB Guidelines

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 M.A. in Translation Studies, University of Isfahan, and PhD Student in English as a Foreign Language (EFL), Islamic Azad University of Shiraz, Iran.
2 Department of English Language Teaching, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
Abstract
This comparative study examines the English and Persian audio descriptions (AD) of the first 30 minutes of Disney’s animated film The Lion King (1994), focusing on their adherence to two major international frameworks: the Audio Description Coalition (ADC) standards and the ADLAB guidelines. Using a dual-framework analysis combining quantitative metrics (word count per minute, vivid verb ratio, sentence length, and synchronization gaps) and qualitative evaluation across seven ADLAB categories, the research evaluates descriptive accuracy, objectivity, timing precision, and cultural-linguistic appropriateness. Results reveal that the English AD scores significantly higher (33.4/35) than the Persian version (28.8/35) on ADLAB criteria (t = 6.78, p < .001), demonstrating superior objectivity (0 vs. 22 interpretive phrases), tighter synchronization (180 ms vs. 320 ms gap), and genre-appropriate pacing. While the Persian AD exhibits richer poetic resonance suited to local audiences, its longer descriptive units and right-branching syntax increase cognitive load and overlap risks. The study highlights a critical gap in Persian AD quality compared to English benchmarks, underscoring the need for standardized training and culturally adapted guidelines in Iran. Findings offer practical recommendations for Sevina and future describers to enhance accessibility for Persian-speaking visually impaired viewers.


Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 19 October 2026